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Knowledge Repository

A complete, user-friendly database of healthcare design research references MoreLess about the Knowledge Repository

The Knowledge Repository is a complete, user-friendly database of healthcare design research references that continues to grow with the latest peer-reviewed publications. Start with our Knowledge Repository for all of your searches for articles and research citations on healthcare design topics. Access full texts through the source link, read key point summaries, or watch slidecasts. Expand your search and find project briefs, interviews, and other relevant resources by visiting our Insights & Solutions page.

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A Review of the Research Literature on Evidence-Based Healthcare Design

Author(s): Ulrich, R. S., Zimring, C., Zhu, X, DuBose, J., Hyun-Bo, S., Choi, Y.-S., Quan, X., Joseph, A.
Added September 2014

Integrating Evidence-Based Design and Experience-Based Approaches in Healthcare Service Design

Author(s): Carr, V. L., Sangiorgi, D., Buscher, M, Junginger, S., Cooper, R.
“Evidence-based” implies the use of “scientific” evidence, often obtained through academic research such as RCTs, risk-benefit analysis, and meta-analyses of series of studies, particularly in the area of medicine. EBD, similar to EBM, is to use best-available evidence to inform design decisions.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Environmental Congruence and Work-Related Stress in Acute Care Hospital Medical/Surgical Units: A Descriptive, Correlational Study

Author(s): Dendaas, N.
Added September 2014

Developing a Usability Evaluation Tool to Assess the Patient Room Bathroom

Author(s): Fink, N., Pak, R., Battisto, D.
Objective: The goal of this project was to create an easy-to-administer and inexpensive tool that can help indentify usability issues in a patient room bathroom during the design process so improvements can be made before the final product is constructed and put into operation. Background: The bathroom is an essential part of any hospital patient room, yet it is associated with nurse...
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Testing the Birth Unit Design Spatial Evaluation Tool (BUDSET) in Australia: A Pilot Study

Author(s): Foureur, M. J., Leap, N., Davis, D. L., Forbes, Ian F., Homer, C. S. E.
Added September 2014

Impact of Imaging Room Environment: Staff Job Stress and Satisfaction, Patient Satisfaction, and Willingness To Recommend

Author(s): Quan, X., Joseph, A., Ensign, J. C.
The built environment significantly affects the healthcare experiences of patients and staff. Imaging environments are particularly intimidating and dehumanizing. No research studies have specifically addressed the role of the physical environment in imaging rooms.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Arousing Curiosity: When Hospital Art Transcends

Author(s): Rollins, J. A.
Added September 2014

Humane Design for Hospital Landscapes: A Case Study in Landscape Architecture of a Healing Garden for Nurses

Author(s): Naderi, J. R., Shin, W.-H.
Research has shown many direct and indirect health benefits related to views of nature and access to nature. As hospitals begin to integrate ecological sites, it becomes imperative to understand the interconnection between future users’ attitudes and preferences, intended health outcomes, and the design features within the natural environment.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Influence of Positive Distractions on Children in Two Clinic Waiting Areas

Author(s): Pati, D., Nanda, U.
Studies show that the quality of waiting environments influences the perception of quality of care and caregivers, that perception of waiting time is a better indicator of patient satisfaction than actual waiting time, and that the waiting environment contributes to the perception of wait time.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Medical Complications of Intra-Hospital Patient Transports: Implications for Architectural Design and Research

Author(s): Ulrich, R., Zhu, X.
The transportation of patients inside a hospital, or intra-hospital transit (IHT), has received little attention in literature relating to hospital design despite having a negative impact. The layout and design can negatively affect travel distance and time, which can be reflected in patient complications and health outcomes.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Nursing unit design and communication patterns: What is “real” work?

Author(s): Becker, F.
With billions of dollars spent each year on new hospital construction and an ever-growing shortage of nurses, more attention is being paid to the way in which design of new facilities and, more specifically, nursing units might better support nurse recruitment, their work process, and retention. There is growing concern about the quality of hospital environments and the impact on staff, which inherently impacts quality of care.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Exploring the Impact of the Physical Environment on Patient Outcomes in Ambulatory Care Settings

Author(s): Gulwadi, G., Joseph, A., Keller, A.
Recent trends in healthcare have seen a shift in treating episodic care within acute care environments to ambulatory care centers (ACCs). These facilities distribute care based upon prevention and wellness to combat chronic disease and provide care management. Ambulatory care environments consist of a broad platform of care settings and deliver many types of care to a wide range of populations. Due to these and other complexities, research linking the impact of the physical design of ACCs on patient health outcomes has yet to be documented.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Environmental Issues Related to Medication Errors in Long-Term Care: Lessons From the Literature

Author(s): Mahmood, A., Chaudhury, H., Gaumont, A.
Medication errors contribute significantly to patient illness and mortality and are costly to the healthcare system. This is especially true for elderly patients in long-term care facilities. While the specific definition of medication error often varies from study to study, these errors typically occur when a physician's orders, the manufacturer's guidelines, or professional best practices in drug, dose, route, or timing are not properly followed. They can arise during ordering, dispensing, or administering medication.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Research Methods for Design Practitioners To Evaluate Facilities

Author(s): Shepley, M. M.
Added September 2014

Lactation Space Design: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice and the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative

Author(s): Thompson, T. S., Heflin, L.
Many studies support the philosophy that breast-feeding is the best nutritional option for babies. There is a strong movement to go back to breast-feeding newborn children for their first six months of life because it has been shown that breast-feeding helps reduce the rate of illness for both mother and child. One study done by Simkin showed that infants fed breast milk exclusively for their first three months of life were nine times less likely to be hospitalized for infection.
Key Point Summary
Added September 2014

Why the elderly fall in residential care facilities,and suggested remedies

Author(s): Kallin, K., Jensen, J., Olsson, L. L., Nyberg, L., Gustafson, Y.
Falls and their consequences—such as fractures and other injuries, fear of falling, impaired functions, and dependency—are serious health problems in the older population. Older people living in residential care facilities and those receiving long-term institutional care seem particularly prone to falling and fractures caused by falls. Almost half of all patients with hip fractures in Umea, Sweden, during the 1980s and the 1990s lived in residential care facilities, although fewer than 10 percent of the elderly population lived in such accommodations. Falls among people aged 60 and older have been estimated to account for one-third of the total cost of medical treatment for all injuries in the Swedish population.
Key Point Summary
Added August 2014

Where Active Older Adults Walk: Understanding the Factors Related to Path Choice for Walking Among Active Retirement Community Residents

Author(s): Joseph, A., Zimring, C.
There is little evidence about how path-design characteristics at site and building scale may be related to where active older adults choose to walk. This article describes the findings from an empirical study examining the relationship between physical environmental characteristics of path segments and their use for walking for recreation or instrumental reasons by 114 active residents on three...
Key Point Summary
Added August 2014

Stress-reducing effects of indoor plants in the built healthcare environment: the mediating role of perceived attractiveness.

Author(s): Dijkstra, K., , Pieterse, M.E., Pruyn, A.
Previous research findings have demonstrated that the presence of natural elements such as plants and other interior features can promote patients’ recovery from stress and increase pain tolerance. Research has likewise provided evidence that people have an innate tendency to respond positively to natural elements, and that these can contribute to a more positive impression of healthcare settings. Environments that are perceived to be more attractive also have been shown to have beneficial effects such as reducing stress or improving impressions of quality of care. In reviewing the body of research to date, the authors suggest however, that underlying processes at work here are not yet well understood.
Key Point Summary
Added August 2014

Small-scale, homelike facilities in dementia care: A process evaluation into the experiences of family caregivers and nursing staff.

Author(s): Verbeek, H., Zwakhalen, S. M. G., van Rossum, E., Kempen, G. I. J. M., Hamers, J. P. H.
Current developments in institutional dementia care aim at the downsizing of facilities and increasing their homelike appearance. Small-scale living facilities are an example of this movement, in which a small group of residents (usually six to eight) live together in a homelike environment. Residents are encouraged to participate in normal daily activities and nursing staff is part of the household with integrated tasks. Despite the increase of these facilities, little is known about experiences of family caregivers of residents and nursing staff.
Key Point Summary
Added August 2014

Noise-Induced Stress as a Predictor of Burnout in Critical Care Nurses

Author(s): Topf, M., Dillon, E.
Unpredictable and uncontrollable noise is perceived as more stressful compared with continuous noise that is under a person’s control. While extensive attention has been given to demonstrating that noise levels are exceedingly high for patients in critical care settings, relatively little has been given to the potential negative effects in nurses.
Key Point Summary
Added August 2014