October 2017
Tool

Overview

Healthcare is moving beyond the walls of the hospital. This is partially due to a growing population of patients who require medical care but are stable enough to be treated at home (including older adults with acute and chronic conditions). Caring for these populations in their own home is more convenient and cost effective than providing that same care in a traditional medical setting. Home environments that support medical care can reduce unnecessary hospitalization, influence health and wellbeing, and help to maintain a person's independence.

The majority of design strategies in the Healthcare at Home diagrams apply to Universal Design U, Aging in Place A, and Healthcare at Home H. Strategies associated with only one or two of these approaches are indicated as such with icons.

Click on one of the dots or the thumbnails below to learn more

  • Pathways

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Smooth, level floor surfaces with minimal variations that allow freedom of movement, especially when navigating with mobility assistance or medical equipment citation
    • Minimize thresholds (less than ¼ inch vertical, or up to ½ inch beveled) citation
    • Avoid glare and excessive contrast and patterns on floors, which can be perceived as or conceal actual changes in level which pose a potential trip hazard. citation
    • Provide wainscot trim that protrudes from the wall and is securely fastened to offer a frame of reference and a touchstone for balance for level surfaces. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Smooth, level floor surfaces with minimal variations that allow freedom of movement, especially when navigating with mobility assistance or medical equipment citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Smooth, level floor surfaces with minimal variations that allow freedom of movement, especially when navigating with mobility assistance or medical equipment citation
    • Minimize thresholds (less than ¼ inch vertical, or up to ½ inch beveled) citation
    • Avoid glare and excessive contrast and patterns on floors, which can be perceived as or conceal actual changes in level which pose a potential trip hazard. citation
    • Provide wainscot trim that protrudes from the wall and is securely fastened to offer a frame of reference and a touchstone for balance for level surfaces. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Avoid glare and excessive contrast and patterns on floors, which can be perceived as or conceal actual changes in level which pose a potential trip hazard. citation
    • Provide wainscot trim that protrudes from the wall and is securely fastened to offer a frame of reference and a touchstone for balance for level surfaces. citation

  • Layout - Overall

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Bedroom on main level (street level) or independently accessible by ramp, stair lift, or elevator citation
    • Three-fixture bathroom adjacent to bedroom with 60-inch turning radius or acceptable T-turn space and 36-inch or 30-inch by 48-inch clear space (minimum dimensions for independent use; additional space needed for caregiver) citation
    • Adequate space for durable medical devices (e.g., hospital beds, wheelchairs, walkers) and medical equipment (e.g., oxygen tanks, home-dialysis units, infusion pumps, blood glucose meters, feeding tubes, catheters, commodes, ambulation aids, patient lifts/hoists and specialist equipment) near bed/chair/lounge/care areas to support changing levels of care citation
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Adequate space for two people to provide caregiving assistance if using hydraulic patient lift/hoist (e.g., toilet, bed, car) citation
    • Three-fixture bathroom adjacent to bedroom with 60-inch turning radius or acceptable T-turn space and 36-inch or 30-inch by 48-inch clear space (minimum dimensions for independent use; additional space needed for caregiver) citation
    • Adequate space for durable medical devices (e.g., hospital beds, wheelchairs, walkers) and medical equipment (e.g., oxygen tanks, home-dialysis units, infusion pumps, blood glucose meters, feeding tubes, catheters, commodes, ambulation aids, patient lifts/hoists and specialist equipment) near bed/chair/lounge/care areas to support changing levels of care citation
    • Maximize open areas around bed, chairs, and primary path of circulation. citation
    • Layout that allows for reorganization of space (e.g., easily movable furniture, modular elements) to accommodate changing needs
    Desirable Outcome
    Efficient delivery of care
    Design Strategies
    • Bedroom on main level (street level) or independently accessible by ramp, stair lift, or elevator citation
    • Three-fixture bathroom adjacent to bedroom with 60-inch turning radius or acceptable T-turn space and 36-inch or 30-inch by 48-inch clear space (minimum dimensions for independent use; additional space needed for caregiver) citation
    • Adequate space for durable medical devices (e.g., hospital beds, wheelchairs, walkers) and medical equipment (e.g., oxygen tanks, home-dialysis units, infusion pumps, blood glucose meters, feeding tubes, catheters, commodes, ambulation aids, patient lifts/hoists and specialist equipment) near bed/chair/lounge/care areas to support changing levels of care citation
    • Easy access to sink or alcohol gel dispenser in care areas. A H
    • Visual and auditory separation of care area from distractions (visitors, pets, children, etc.) when needed. A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize patient stress/anxiety
    Design Strategies
    • Maximize open areas around bed, chairs, and primary path of circulation. citation
    • Access to positive/meaningful distractions (e.g., nature-themed artwork, window with views of nature, music, TV, Internet, reading materials)
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize undue strain during recovery
    Design Strategies
    • Bedroom on main level (street level) or independently accessible by ramp, stair lift, or elevator citation
    • Three-fixture bathroom adjacent to bedroom with 60-inch turning radius or acceptable T-turn space and 36-inch or 30-inch by 48-inch clear space (minimum dimensions for independent use; additional space needed for caregiver) citation
    • Adequate space for durable medical devices (e.g., hospital beds, wheelchairs, walkers) and medical equipment (e.g., oxygen tanks, home-dialysis units, infusion pumps, blood glucose meters, feeding tubes, catheters, commodes, ambulation aids, patient lifts/hoists and specialist equipment) near bed/chair/lounge/care areas to support changing levels of care citation
    • Maximize open areas around bed, chairs, and primary path of circulation. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize undue strain during recovery
    Design Strategies
    • Layout that allows for reorganization of space (e.g., easily movable furniture, modular elements) to accommodate changing needs
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient satisfaction and comfort
    Design Strategies
    • Access to positive/meaningful distractions (e.g., nature-themed artwork, window with views of nature, music, TV, Internet, reading materials)
    Desirable Outcome
    Psychosocial support
    Design Strategies
    • Space for people to sit with the individual receiving care without obstructing the provision of care A H citation
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Adequate space for two people to provide caregiving assistance if using hydraulic patient lift/hoist (e.g., toilet, bed, car) citation
    • Bedroom on main level (street level) or independently accessible by ramp, stair lift, or elevator citation
    • Three-fixture bathroom adjacent to bedroom with 60-inch turning radius or acceptable T-turn space and 36-inch or 30-inch by 48-inch clear space (minimum dimensions for independent use; additional space needed for caregiver) citation
    • Adequate space for durable medical devices (e.g., hospital beds, wheelchairs, walkers) and medical equipment (e.g., oxygen tanks, home-dialysis units, infusion pumps, blood glucose meters, feeding tubes, catheters, commodes, ambulation aids, patient lifts/hoists and specialist equipment) near bed/chair/lounge/care areas to support changing levels of care citation
    • Maximize open areas around bed, chairs, and primary path of circulation. citation
    • Layout that allows for reorganization of space (e.g., easily movable furniture, modular elements) to accommodate changing needs
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; infection control
    Design Strategies
    • Easy access to sink or alcohol gel dispenser in care areas. A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; medication safety
    Design Strategies
    • Easy access to sink or alcohol gel dispenser in care areas. A H
    • Visual and auditory separation of care area from distractions (visitors, pets, children, etc.) when needed. A H citation

  • Caregiver / Clinical Staff Workspace

    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver respite/support
    Design Strategies
    • Space for telesupport systems (telephone support groups, teleconferencing, telepresence systems) for patients and providers to communicate with supervisors/other medical professionals A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Designated location for medical device and patient handling equipment manuals for caregiver access A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Efficient delivery of care
    Design Strategies
    • Easily accessible storage and disposal for non-reusable supplies (e.g., medication, incontinence products, bandaging, etc.) citation
    • Designated well-lit clean "workstation" (e.g., a desk) located in a quiet area away from distractions (e.g., pets, children, visitors) for procedures using sharps or medication preparation A H citation
    • Designated location for medical device and patient handling equipment manuals for caregiver access A H citation
    • Safe, easily accessible storage for medications (refrigerated, if needed), supplies, and medical equipment A H citation
    • Easily accessible storage for cleaning supplies when needed immediately (e.g., incontinence on self/seating/floor) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; infection control
    Design Strategies
    • Easily accessible storage and disposal for non-reusable supplies (e.g., medication, incontinence products, bandaging, etc.) citation
    • Designated well-lit clean "workstation" (e.g., a desk) located in a quiet area away from distractions (e.g., pets, children, visitors) for procedures using sharps or medication preparation A H citation
    • Safe, easily accessible storage for medications (refrigerated, if needed), supplies, and medical equipment A H citation
    • Easily accessible storage for cleaning supplies when needed immediately (e.g., incontinence on self/seating/floor) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; medication safety
    Design Strategies
    • Easily accessible storage and disposal for non-reusable supplies (e.g., medication, incontinence products, bandaging, etc.) citation
    • Designated well-lit clean "workstation" (e.g., a desk) located in a quiet area away from distractions (e.g., pets, children, visitors) for procedures using sharps or medication preparation A H citation
    • Safe, easily accessible storage for medications (refrigerated, if needed), supplies, and medical equipment A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Designated location for medical device and patient handling equipment manuals for caregiver access A H citation
    • Keep defibrillator(s) close to a telephone in a convenient, central and temperature controlled area, where the visual or auditory "ready" indicators can be seen or heard. A H citation

  • Flooring

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Smooth, level floor surfaces with minimal variations that allow freedom of movement, especially when navigating with mobility assistance or medical equipment citation
    • Minimize thresholds (less than ¼ inch vertical, or up to ½ inch beveled) citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Smooth, level floor surfaces with minimal variations that allow freedom of movement, especially when navigating with mobility assistance or medical equipment citation
    • Avoid deep pile carpet or loose/worn carpet; tack down edges of carpets and rugs; remove loose rugs/mats citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize undue strain during recovery
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-clean materials to reduce surface contamination citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Smooth, level floor surfaces with minimal variations that allow freedom of movement, especially when navigating with mobility assistance or medical equipment citation
    • Minimize thresholds (less than ¼ inch vertical, or up to ½ inch beveled) citation
    • Smooth, non-glare, non-slip or slip-resistant flooring citation
    • Avoid deep pile carpet or loose/worn carpet; tack down edges of carpets and rugs; remove loose rugs/mats citation
    • Avoid flooring materials with intricate high-contrast patterns (especially for patients with impaired vision) citation
    • Install soft, resilient interior flooring materials (e.g., cork, rubber, or linoleum) that are gentler under foot than harder materials and can lessen the impact of falls. citation
    • Avoid glare and excessive contrast and patterns on floors, which can be perceived as or conceal actual changes in level which pose a potential trip hazard. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; infection control
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-clean materials to reduce surface contamination citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Install soft, resilient interior flooring materials (e.g., cork, rubber, or linoleum) that are gentler under foot than harder materials and can lessen the impact of falls. citation
    • Avoid glare and excessive contrast and patterns on floors, which can be perceived as or conceal actual changes in level which pose a potential trip hazard. citation

  • Walls

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    • Preprogrammed and easy-to-adjust thermostat citation
    • Easy-to-read and easy-to-reach operational (remote) controls for window treatments, lighting, temperature, and audiovisual components (e.g., TV, music) from bed/chair locations
    • Provide wainscot trim that protrudes from the wall and is securely fastened to offer a frame of reference and a touchstone for balance for level surfaces. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Structural provisions for ceiling- and/or wall-mounted trapeze system(s) (for patients with adequate upper body strength) to hold on to for stability while walking and to assist when sitting up in bed (Note: not recommended for patients with long-term injuries ) H citation
    • Intercom system and/or voice-activated smartphone technology. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Communication/ interaction with care provider/ emergency care
    Design Strategies
    • Neutral color (preferably a light blue or light green) background wall for video-conferencing to enhance visibility of patient and enhance flesh tones A H citation
    • Intercom system and/or voice-activated smartphone technology. citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Efficient delivery of care
    Design Strategies
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize patient stress/anxiety
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-read and easy-to-reach operational (remote) controls for window treatments, lighting, temperature, and audiovisual components (e.g., TV, music) from bed/chair locations
    • Intercom system and/or voice-activated smartphone technology. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize undue strain during recovery
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-clean materials to reduce surface contamination citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient control and independence
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    • Preprogrammed and easy-to-adjust thermostat citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient satisfaction and comfort
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    • Preprogrammed and easy-to-adjust thermostat citation
    • Easy-to-read and easy-to-reach operational (remote) controls for window treatments, lighting, temperature, and audiovisual components (e.g., TV, music) from bed/chair locations citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Structural provisions for ceiling- and/or wall-mounted trapeze system(s) (for patients with adequate upper body strength) to hold on to for stability while walking and to assist when sitting up in bed (Note: not recommended for patients with long-term injuries ) H citation
    • Intercom system and/or voice-activated smartphone technology citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    • Provide wainscot trim that protrudes from the wall and is securely fastened to offer a frame of reference and a touchstone for balance for level surfaces. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; infection control
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-clean materials to reduce surface contamination citation
    • Multiple storage locations for gloves and other personal protective equipment throughout the occupied space, especially in care areas, to facilitate proper safety protocols (e.g. in the event of exposure to blood and other bodily fluids) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Keep defibrillator(s) close to a telephone in a convenient, central and temperature controlled area, where the visual or auditory "ready" indicators can be seen or heard. A H citation
    • Small, easy-to-use ABC fire extinguishers mounted in easily accessible locations citation
    • Install smoke detectors throughout the occupied living areas citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    • Provide wainscot trim that protrudes from the wall and is securely fastened to offer a frame of reference and a touchstone for balance for level surfaces. citation

  • Ceiling

    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Structural provisions for ceiling- and/or wall-mounted trapeze system(s) (for patients with adequate upper body strength) to hold on to for stability while walking and to assist when sitting up in bed (Note: not recommended for patients with long-term injuries ) H citation
    • Permanently mounted tracking or semi-portable freestanding overhead frame or pressure-mounted hoist system from floor to ceiling in areas where transfers occur frequently A H citation
    • Track-mounted hoists in areas where space is tight and transfers occur frequently (e.g., bed, toilet) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Structural provisions for ceiling- and/or wall-mounted trapeze system(s) (for patients with adequate upper body strength) to hold on to for stability while walking and to assist when sitting up in bed (Note: not recommended for patients with long-term injuries ) H citation
    • Permanently mounted tracking or semi-portable freestanding overhead frame or pressure-mounted hoist system from floor to ceiling in areas where transfers occur frequently A H citation
    • Track-mounted hoists in areas where space is tight and transfers occur frequently (e.g., bed, toilet) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Install smoke detectors throughout the occupied living areas citation

  • Windows

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-read and easy-to-reach operational (remote) controls for window treatments, lighting, temperature, and audiovisual components (e.g., TV, music) from bed/chair locations
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize patient stress/anxiety
    Design Strategies
    • Windows and/or skylight that provide high quality natural light citation
    • STRATEGY View of outdoor nature/garden
    • STRATEGY Easy-to-read and easy-to-reach operational (remote) controls for window treatments, lighting, temperature, and audiovisual components (e.g., TV, music) from bed/chair locations
    • STRATEGY Window treatments that allow natural light to be blocked/reduced during the day if needed
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient satisfaction and comfort
    Design Strategies
    • Windows and/or skylight that provide high quality natural light citation
    • View of outdoor nature/garden
    • Easy-to-read and easy-to-reach operational (remote) controls for window treatments, lighting, temperature, and audiovisual components (e.g., TV, music) from bed/chair locations
    • Window treatments that allow natural light to be blocked/reduced during the day if needed
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; air quality
    Design Strategies
    • Operable windows that can be opened for cross-ventilation, fresh air (limit openings to reduce risk of disoriented patients going through window) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Support telemedicine exam quality
    Design Strategies
    • Teleconference exam area located away from windows or oriented so that windows will not create glare (avoid windows behind patient which may wash out video image or create extreme shadows) A H citation

  • Doors

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-open doors (consider handle grip, mechanics, and weight of door)
    • Minimize thresholds (less than ¼ inch vertical, or up to ½ inch beveled) citation
    • Minimum 36-inch doors citation
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize patient stress/anxiety
    Design Strategies
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    • Efficient ventilation to minimize unpleasant smells A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient satisfaction and comfort
    Design Strategies
    • Efficient ventilation to minimize unpleasant smells A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Psychosocial support
    Design Strategies
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-open doors (consider handle grip, mechanics, and weight of door)
    • Minimize thresholds (less than ¼ inch vertical, or up to ½ inch beveled) citation
    • Minimum 36-inch doors citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Efficient ventilation to minimize unpleasant smells A H

  • HVAC

    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize patient stress/anxiety
    Design Strategies
    • Air temperature, relative humidity, and flow speed maintained at comfort level without dramatic difference between spaces
    • Reliable and fully functional heating and air conditioning to reduce risk of heatstroke or hypothermia citation
    • Efficient ventilation to minimize unpleasant smells A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient satisfaction and comfort
    Design Strategies
    • Efficient ventilation to minimize unpleasant smells A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; infection control
    Design Strategies
    • Ventilation system with features such as HEPA filters or 100% outside air to minimize air contamination H
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Air temperature, relative humidity, and flow speed maintained at comfort level without dramatic difference between spaces
    • Reliable and fully functional heating and air conditioning to reduce risk of heatstroke or hypothermia citation
    • Efficient ventilation to minimize unpleasant smells A H

  • Electrical

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Communication/ interaction with care provider/ emergency care
    Design Strategies
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Efficient delivery of care
    Design Strategies
    • Sufficient electrical system output to support all medical equipment without overloading outlets citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient control and independence
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient satisfaction and comfort
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Sufficient electrical system output to support all medical equipment without overloading outlets citation
    • Electric and internet outlets located at 24-inches (min) above floor [48-inchs (max) above the floor when located above countertops] and in close proximity to locations where telemedicine equipment will be used to ensure that cords will not obstruct walking paths citation

  • Lighting

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    • Lighting (remote) controls accessible from bed or chair A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Communication/ interaction with care provider/ emergency care
    Design Strategies
    • Diffuse light located in front of individual receiving care to provide even illumination without strong shadows A H citation
    • Moveable and adjustable exam quality lighting options in care areas to illuminate different parts of an individual's body as needed (e.g., when using telemedicine devices) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Efficient delivery of care
    Design Strategies
    • Sufficient illumination level for medication dispensing to minimize errors (for any places where medication dispensing is performed by caregiver or patient) citation
    • Moveable and adjustable exam quality lighting options in care areas to illuminate different parts of an individual's body as needed (e.g., when using telemedicine devices) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient control and independence
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    • Lighting (remote) controls accessible from bed or chair A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient satisfaction and comfort
    Design Strategies
    • Light switches lowered to 44-inches off the floor citation
    • Lighting (remote) controls accessible from bed or chair A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Interior motion lighting/sensor-activated lighting without glare, and/or use nightlights A H citation
    • Smart home sensor technology to light path from bed to toilet A H citation
    • Night lighting system that provides both horizontal and vertical cues (e.g., under bed and around doorways) to support postural control and stability A H citation
    • Amber-colored LED lighting for night lighting so as not to disrupt circadian rhythms citation
    • Avoid glare and excessive contrast and patterns on floors, which can be perceived as or conceal actual changes in level which pose a potential trip hazard. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; medication safety
    Design Strategies
    • Sufficient illumination level for medication dispensing to minimize errors (for any places where medication dispensing is performed by caregiver or patient) citation
    • Moveable and adjustable exam quality lighting options in care areas to illuminate different parts of an individual's body as needed (e.g., when using telemedicine devices) A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Avoid glare and excessive contrast and patterns on floors, which can be perceived as or conceal actual changes in level which pose a potential trip hazard. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Support telemedicine exam quality
    Design Strategies
    • Diffuse light located in front of individual receiving care to provide even illumination without strong shadows A H citation
    • Moveable and adjustable exam quality lighting options in care areas to illuminate different parts of an individual's body as needed (e.g., when using telemedicine devices) A H citation

  • Fixtures / Furnishings / Appliances / Equipment / Accessories

    Desirable Outcome
    Accessibility; ease of use
    Design Strategies
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Single electric or hydraulic adjustable bed to support care procedures A H citation
    • Appropriate bed height (low or adjustable height) to support safe transfers A H
    • Bed with clearance on both sides for caregiver(s) and transfer lift, if needed citation
    • Adjustable lounge chairs with the ability to elevate footrest, sit-to-stand chairs, or lift chairs containing built-in lift mechanisms, depending on an individual's need for rehabilitation or rest A H citation
    • Avoid chairs that restrict the ability to stand without the need for lift mechanisms (e.g., too low, deep, lack arm rests, or don't enable a person to get their feet under the edge of the seat) A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Transfer lifts (portable or ceiling mounted) and other repositioning devices that support safe ergonomic conditions for patient handling and movement, if needed. H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Efficient delivery of care
    Design Strategies
    • Appropriate bed height (low or adjustable height) to support safe transfers A H
    • Bed with clearance on both sides for caregiver(s) and transfer lift, if needed A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize patient stress/anxiety
    Design Strategies
    • Access to positive/meaningful distractions (e.g., nature-themed artwork, window with views of nature, music, TV, Internet, reading materials)
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize undue strain during recovery
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-clean materials to reduce surface contamination citation
    • Appropriate level of firmness for mattress to provide support without contributing to pressure sores A H
    • Bed positioned for safe entry and exit A H citation
    • For beds on wheels, lockable wheels A H citation
    • Adjustable lounge chairs with the ability to elevate footrest, sit-to-stand chairs, or lift chairs containing built-in lift mechanisms, depending on an individual's need for rehabilitation or rest A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize undue strain during recovery
    Design Strategies
    • Avoid chairs that restrict the ability to stand without the need for lift mechanisms (e.g., too low, deep, lack arm rests, or don't enable a person to get their feet under the edge of the seat) A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient satisfaction and comfort
    Design Strategies
    • Access to positive/meaningful distractions (e.g., nature-themed artwork, window with views of nature, music, TV, Internet, reading materials)
    • Space for second bed/sleeping arrangements so couples can continue sleeping in same room, if desired citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Psychosocial support
    Design Strategies
    • Space for second bed/sleeping arrangements so couples can continue sleeping in same room, if desired citation
    • Designated space and provisions for pets (bed, built-in feeding system, outdoor access, fenced in yard, self-cleaning litter box), if appropriate citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Bed positioned for safe entry and exit A H citation
    • For beds on wheels, lockable wheels A H citation
    • Single electric or hydraulic adjustable bed to support care procedures A H citation
    • Appropriate bed height (low or adjustable height) to support safe transfers A H
    • Bed with clearance on both sides for caregiver(s) and transfer lift, if needed A H citation
    • Adjustable lounge chairs with the ability to elevate footrest, sit-to-stand chairs, or lift chairs containing built-in lift mechanisms, depending on an individual's need for rehabilitation or rest A H citation
    • Avoid chairs that restrict the ability to stand without the need for lift mechanisms (e.g., too low, deep, lack arm rests, or don't enable a person to get their feet under the edge of the seat) A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; infection control
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-clean materials to reduce surface contamination citation

  • Casework / Storage

    Desirable Outcome
    Efficient delivery of care
    Design Strategies
    • Easily accessible storage and disposal for non-reusable supplies (e.g., medication, incontinence products, bandaging, etc.) citation
    • Safe, easily accessible storage for medications (refrigerated, if needed), supplies, and medical equipment A H citation
    • Easily accessible storage for cleaning supplies when needed immediately (e.g., incontinence on self/seating/floor) A H citation
    • Adequate storage space (e.g., cabinet that conceals medical equipment) to efficiently store items, reduce clutter, and maintain domestic aesthetic. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize patient stress/anxiety
    Design Strategies
    • Adequate storage space (e.g., cabinet that conceals medical equipment) to efficiently store items, reduce clutter, and maintain domestic aesthetic. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize undue strain during recovery
    Design Strategies
    • Easy-to-clean materials to reduce surface contamination citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Adequate storage space (e.g., cabinet that conceals medical equipment) to efficiently store items, reduce clutter, and maintain domestic aesthetic. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; infection control
    Design Strategies
    • Easily accessible storage and disposal for non-reusable supplies (e.g., medication, incontinence products, bandaging, etc.) citation
    • Safe, easily accessible storage for medications (refrigerated, if needed), supplies, and medical equipment A H citation
    • Easily accessible storage for cleaning supplies when needed immediately (e.g., incontinence on self/seating/floor) A H citation
    • Easy-to-clean materials to reduce surface contamination citation
    • Multiple storage locations for gloves and other personal protective equipment throughout the occupied space, especially in care areas, to facilitate proper safety protocols (e.g. in the event of exposure to blood and other bodily fluids) citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; medication safety
    Design Strategies
    • Easily accessible storage and disposal for non-reusable supplies (e.g., medication, incontinence products, bandaging, etc.) citation
    • Safe, easily accessible storage for medications (refrigerated, if needed), supplies, and medical equipment A H citation

  • Patient Handling / Movement Equipment

    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Adequate space for two people to provide caregiving assistance if using hydraulic patient lift/hoist (e.g., toilet, bed, car) citation
    • Designated location for medical device and patient handling equipment manuals for caregiver access citation
    • Avoid deep pile carpet or loose/worn carpet; tack down edges of carpets and rugs; remove loose rugs/mats citation
    • Structural provisions for ceiling- and/or wall-mounted trapeze system(s) (for patients with adequate upper body strength) to hold on to for stability while walking and to assist when sitting up in bed (Note: not recommended for patients with long-term injuries ) H citation
    • Transfer lifts (portable or ceiling mounted) and other repositioning devices that support safe ergonomic conditions for patient handling and movement, if needed. H citation
    • Ceiling-mounted trapeze hook(s) (for patients with adequate upper body strength) to hold on to for stability while walking and to assist when sitting up in bed (Note: not recommended for patients with long-term injuries). H citation
    • Repositioning/transfer devices (e.g., rails, transfer bar, vertical poles bolted into floor or ceiling) located near bed, if needed (depending on an individual's condition; consider risks associated with bedrails). A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Efficient delivery of care
    Design Strategies
    • Designated location for medical device and patient handling equipment manuals for caregiver access A H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Adequate space for two people to provide caregiving assistance if using hydraulic patient lift/hoist (e.g., toilet, bed, car) citation
    • Avoid deep pile carpet or loose/worn carpet; tack down edges of carpets and rugs; remove loose rugs/mats citation
    • Structural provisions for ceiling- and/or wall-mounted trapeze system(s) (for patients with adequate upper body strength) to hold on to for stability while walking and to assist when sitting up in bed (Note: not recommended for patients with long-term injuries ) H citation
    • Transfer lifts (portable or ceiling mounted) and other repositioning devices that support safe ergonomic conditions for patient handling and movement, if needed. H citation
    • Ceiling-mounted trapeze hook(s) (for patients with adequate upper body strength) to hold on to for stability while walking and to assist when sitting up in bed (Note: not recommended for patients with long-term injuries). H citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; minimize risk of injury
    Design Strategies
    • Designated location for medical device and patient handling equipment manuals for caregiver access A H citation

  • Technology / Monitoring Equipment / Internet

    Desirable Outcome
    Caregiver safety; minimize risk of physical injury
    Design Strategies
    • Intercom system and/or voice-activated smartphone technology. citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Communication/ interaction with care provider/ emergency care
    Design Strategies
    • Wireless or wired Internet connection to facilitate telehealth/telemedicine (video monitoring/conferencing with healthcare providers and support networks, and data transmission for electronic medical records, prescription ordering services, etc.). citation
    • Power, data, and conduit pathways to support telemedicine exam quality equipment. citation
    • Comfortable setup for personal computer interfaced with a personal health portal. A H citation
    • Monitoring devices (sensors or wearables) to record daily living activities and transmit data to caregivers where data is measured against present targets. A H citation
    • Telemedicine exam equipment such as a laptop with integrated medical devices (e.g., otoscopes, stethoscopes, dermascopes, and ultrasound probes, and vital signs monitors, spirometers, and ECG) allowing split screen viewing between the camera and medical devices. A H citation
    • Teleconferencing screen and camera at eye level a few feet from the patient to mimic face-to-face encounters. A H citation
    • Intercom system and/or voice-activated smartphone technology citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Minimize patient stress/anxiety
    Design Strategies
    • Intercom system and/or voice-activated smartphone technology citation
    Desirable Outcome
    Patient control and independence
    Design Strategies
    • Voice-activated connectivity to facilitate activities of daily living (e.g., turning lights on/off, changing television channels, making phone calls, playing music, opening/closing doors).
    • Conveniently located portable electronic devices (e.g., phones, tablets, mobile devices) and charging to support easy connection with family, photos, games, etc.
    • Robotic pets to provide companionship. A H citation
    • Opportunities for virtual and augmented reality to connect homebound patients to the outside world. A H
    Desirable Outcome
    Safety; fall/injury prevention
    Design Strategies
    • Intercom system and/or voice-activated smartphone technology citation